Enseñar el Holocausto o Shoá en la educación formal de niñas, niños y jóvenes es fundamental por múltiples razones, entre las que nos interesa destacar: articula una formación ética en las personas, anclada en valores tan relevantes como la inclusión y el respeto a la diversidad, la igualdad de derechos, la libertad de expresión, el diálogo social y comunitario, la solidaridad; permite fortalecer la convivencia democrática y la resolución de conflictos desde la promoción y defensa de los Derechos Humanos, cultivando (...) una politización democrática. En este marco educativo, proponemos diversas estrategias didácticas para la enseñanza del Holocausto, utilizando la imagen y el cine para desarrollar temáticas controversiales, que permiten levantar y sostener preguntas problematizadoras y reflexivas de la realidad histórico-social. (shrink)

Una búsqueda en la historia de las publicaciones de la provincia de Camagüey, fundamentalmente revistas y periódicos que incluyeron artículos de carácter científico entre las décadas del treinta y el cincuenta del siglo XX, es propósito esencial de este trabajo. El sondeo realizado permitió la valoración de la figura de la primera doctora camagüeyana en Medicina Gertrudis Aguilera Céspedes y su actuación descollante en este período. Para ello se revisaron los documentos que atesoran la Sala de Fondos Raros y Valiosos (...) de la Biblioteca Provincial “Julio Antonio Mella”, el Departamento de Investigaciones del Museo Provincial “Ignacio Agramonte” y bibliotecas particulares de algunos médicos y profesionales del territorio. La búsqueda condujo a la demostración del impacto que en el orden científico representó esta galena y además, una contribución para preservar la memoria cultural de nuestra ciudad A search in the Camagüey´s publications, mainly articles with scientific purposes during the thirty's up to the fifty's in the XX Century, is covered under the scope of this work. The study was carried out to value the figure of the first female doctor in Medicine Gertrudis Aguilera Cespedes and her outstanding performance at that time. Some journals and documents from different libraries were revised. The search led to the demonstration of the impact that Tula Aguilera represented for this scientific field, at the same time this is a contribution to preserve the cultural memory of Camagüey city. (shrink)

La sostenibilidad implica una nueva forma de comprender el mundo y organizar las relaciones. Nutrida en valores que se dirigen al equilibrio y desarrollo humano, instala la necesidad de actualizar los modelos educativos en Educación Superior y constituirse en aporte al desarrollo sostenible. En ese contexto, la universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, considera necesario compilar aquellas fortalezas del socioconstructivismo y el modelo dialógico, como formas de relación en y para el aprendizaje en comunidad. Fortaleciendo el análisis de la formación integral desde (...) un enfoque cualitativo. Dando cuenta de cómo mejoran los procesos al participar en espacios como las Comunidades de Aprendizaje en Red. (shrink)

La Inclusión en la educación superior chilena se ha enmarcado dentro del contexto del respeto a la diversidad, sustentabilidad y dignidad de las personas. La aplicación del Index for Inclusion en la Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins instala como ejercicio la autoevaluación respecto de los propios procesos inclusivos. Esta investigación cuantitativa permite proponer mejoras desde la reflexión de la propia comunidad educativa respecto de la cultura, políticas y prácticas inclusivas. Conocer la comunidad, sus necesidades e intereses, respetando su potencial independiente de (...) su diversidad, es lo que permite establecer procesos de aprendizaje y enseñanza que aseguren una educación para todos y todas. (shrink)

Departing from Anderson’s (2016) suggestion that there are three communities in Peirce’s thought corresponding to his three normative sciences of logic, ethics, and esthetics, I argue that these communities partake in a relationship of dependence similar to that found among the normative sciences. In this way, just as logic relies on ethics which relies on esthetics, so too would a logical community of inquirers rely on an ethical community of love, which would rely on an esthetic community of artists. A (...) community could conduct inquiry together only if it pursued the same goal; and it could pursue the same goal only if it first imaginatively construed it. Any logical or ethical community requires a shared imaginative repertoire of ideal ends. (shrink)

This article examines the transformative role of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in education, exploring diverse disciplines such as engineering, medicine, programming, and information systems. GAI emerges as a revolutionary force, promising to fundamentally change educational practices. The PRISMA 2020 methodology (Page et al., 2021) was used to evaluate the relevant scientific literature. The systematic review identified research that applied specific criteria in the analysis of IAG in education. The selected papers covered a variety of disciplines, providing a comprehensive view of (...) the impact of IAG in education. The results show a diversity of approaches and institutional responses to IAG in education. From significant changes in teaching practices to the identification of specific opportunities in disciplines such as computer science and engineering, GAI stands out as a catalyst for transformation. The adaptation of tertiary education, the need for specific skills to work with GAI, and ethical responses emerge as key themes. It focuses on the need for a deeper and more consensual understanding of the role of GAI in education. Concrete research-supported opportunities are highlighted, but ethical limitations and concerns are also underscored. Collaboration, reflection, and adaptation to open educational practices are proposed as approaches to address the challenges and fully exploit the benefits of IAG in education. This comprehensive analysis contributes to understanding the current and future landscape of GAI in education, providing valuable guidelines for educators, institutions, and educational technology developers. (shrink)

RESUMEN La medicina tradicional herbolaria desde su evolución hasta la contemporaneidad ha sido objeto de uso para la medicina convencional. Por eso el objetivo del trabajo es describir el comportamiento de la medicina tradicional herbolaria en los sistemas de salud convencionales. Se realizó la búsqueda y análisis documental de numerosas fuentes sobre la temática pertenecientes a las bases de datos SciELO Cuba, SciELO Regional, Science Direct, Clinical Key, Cumed, Lilacslo. Se concluye que la actualidad social registra manifestaciones alentadoras en el (...) campo de la aceptación de la herbolaria como medicina complementaria por el equipo de salud y un renovado interés en el ámbito mundial por estudiar los efectos que tienen las plantas sobre la salud. ABSTRACT The traditional herbalist medicine from its evolution to the contemporaneity has been an object use for the conventional medicine. That's why the objective of the work is to describe the behavior of the traditional herbalist medicine in the conventional health systems. A search and documentary analysis of numerous sources on the subject-matter belonging to the databases SciELO Cuba, SciELO Regional, Science Direct, Clinical Key, Cumed, Lilacslo was carried out. It is concluded that the social actuality registers encouraging declarations in the field of the acceptance of the herbalist as complementary medicine for the team of health and a renewed interest in the world ambience to study the effects that have the plants on the health. (shrink)

"Guzmancismo" was a bet to provide Venezuela with modernizing politics structures controlled by the balance of interests emong the different groups of pressure. It linked the regional leaders to the centralist proyect. allowing them to have plots of power and "clientelismo" under the condition of standing surety for the public order in their states. This long historical period of Venezuela is presided by the deep impact of positivism between the venezolan elites whe searched for the conformation of their national identity.

In this article it is defended that the notion known as “The mark of the cognitive” is better characterized as a process that performs the function of generating intelligent behavior, in a flexible and adaptive way, capable of adapting to circumstances, given it is a context sensitive process. For that, some relevant definitions of cognition are examined. In the end, it is pointed out that the definition of the mark of cognition as a context-sensitive process takes into account several factors (...) that were added as constitutive parts of cognitive phenomena over the years, especially the 4E Cognition, which cannot be satisfactorily accommodated alongside the preceding notions of cognition. Accordingly, this essay shouldn’t be mistaken merely as an exercise in intellectual history, but as a brief and accessible attempt to advance the debate. (shrink)

In this paper I argue that, to conceive transcendence, Levinas retrieves the Platonic concept of “separation” and deploys it in three ways: metaphysically, semantically, and affectively. Levinas finds in the interaction between being and the Good beyond being of Republic VI 509b a certain “formal structure of transcendence”—one in which a term is conditioned by another while remaining absolutely separated from it. This formal structure is subsequently deployed metaphysically, in the relation between creator and creature; semantically, in the relation between (...) meaning and sense; and affectively, in the relation between the desiring self and its desired aim. (shrink)

In this article I compare the phenomenology of Husserl with Polo’s philosophy of the mental limit. This comparison is orientated to highlight the importance of habits in anthropology.

Although language processing seems to resist age advancement, linguistic changes in aging are the reflection of systematic decline in cognitive and energy resources. However, aging does not affect language in a global way, being predominant a marked deterioration of production versus a relative maintenance of comprehension at various levels. This review provides updated information on the changes occurring in linguistic aging, focusing on lexical-semantic processing and the role of sociodemographic factors such as education, socioeconomic status and gender; In addition, a (...) brief approach to linguistic processing in the fourth age is attached. As a result, literature shows that lexical-semantic processing is asymmetric; older adults maintain their vocabulary and conceptual knowledge, however, they fail in tasks of access and lexical availability, with notable increase in events of the tip of the tongue associated with dependence on the psycholinguistic variables of the word. At the same time, the educational and socioeconomic level can influence lexical-semantic performance of the older adult, given its relation with the cognitive reserve and the greater elaboration of compensatory strategies. (shrink)

Pain is an unwanted mental state that is often considered a sufficient ground for moral status. However, current science and philosophy of mind suggest that pains, like other perceptual states, might be nonconscious. This raises the questions of whether the notion of nonconscious pain is coherent and what its moral significance might be. In this paper I argue that the existence of nonconscious pain is conceptually coherent; however as a matter of fact our brains might always represent pains consciously. I (...) then characterize the concept of suffering from a naturalistic perspective, distinguishing it from pain. I offer an account of suffering based on some current theories of consciousness, in which suffering consists in the global broadcasting of representations with overall net negative valence. I argue this can explain most of suffering’s properties, such as its wholeness, significance for welfare, and conscious character. Finally, I contend that suffering, but not pain, provides sufficient grounds for moral status. (shrink)

En esta nota crítica (i) se hace una breve descripción de cada uno de los artículos que componen Orayen: de la forma lógica al significado, (ii) se señalan algunas cuestiones que no están claras en ellos o en las réplicas de Orayen y, (iii) en la medida de lo posible, se indica si los autores desarrollan ulteriormente los problemas abordados en sus artículos. The aim of this critical note is threefold: (i) it briefly describes and comments on each of the (...) articles of Orayen: de la forma lógica al significado; (ii) identifies some issues that may not be clear enough or not fully developed whether in the articles or even in Orayen's replies; (iii) as far as possible, it refers to further studies made by the authors themselves on the same, or quite related, subjects addressed by them in their papers. (shrink)

The interpretation of Descartes' thinking wich is made by professor Polo in Evidencia y realidad en Descartes (and, in general, in all his work) is analysed in this article . The key to understanding Descartes is "the voluntary attitude", which lies in placing the attention before the arrival of facts and contents of consciousness. So they can be examined and controlled in order to decide if they are re-liable or not. The result is an exaggerated dedication which limits the capacity (...) of intelligence to act according to its nature. (shrink)

Recently, Emil Lask’s work has been the object of renewed interest. As it has been noted, Lask’s work is much closer to phenomenology than that of his fellow Neo-Kantians. Many recent contributions to current discussions on this topic have compared his account of logic to Husserl’s. Less attention has been paid to Lask’s original metaphilosophical insights. In this paper, I explore Lask’s conception of transcendental philosophy to show how it led him to a phenomenological conversion. Lask found in Husserl’s Logical (...) Investigations the possibility of grounding transcendental philosophy in purely objective terms, thus avoiding any risk of psychologism. But he also concluded that the tools found in Logical Investigations needed to be complemented by a method which would inquire back fr om the constituted to the constituting and a way of grounding such a methodological move in experience itself. Lask then provided a model for reduction and motivation without bringing a transcendental ego into the picture. (shrink)

Aprender de los griegos es posible, pero solo si partimos de dos bases necesarias: la primera, que nuestro mundo es profundamente distinto al suyo; la segunda, que el pensamiento libre requiere no quedar prisionero de ningún dogma. La forma primitiva de pensar de los griegos es una escuela que nos puede ayudar a desnudar la enorme cantidad de supuestos en los que se apoya la mentalidad contemporánea.

This paper defends the relevance of philosophy in the contemporary study of concepts. With the advent of cognitive science, naturalistic and interdisciplinary theorizing about concepts has gained momentum. In this context, it has been recently argued that philosophers’ theories of concepts are not aimed at answering the issues that psychologists are interested in, thus dismissing the mentioned philosophical contribution as scientifically otiose. We present and discuss two cases in point suggesting otherwise, as an attempt to vindicate the crucial role of (...) philosophy in the development of empirical theories of concepts. (shrink)

Les seules preuves philosophiques de l’existence des substances séparées qui répondent aux exigences épistémologiques de Thomas sont des arguments aristotéliciens dont les conclusions, basées sur des prémisses d’une astronomie et une physique obsolètes, sont inacceptables. Thomas prit des distances à leur égard et, laissé sans alternative philosophique, proposa une série d’arguments théologiques dont la cohérence et valeur logique sont mis en question. Puisqu’il n’y a pas de preuve philosophique de l’existence des substances séparées, leur notion devrait être exclue du discours (...) philosophique. (shrink)

The ethics of difference developed by Rosi Braidotti is analysed in this article as well as the conception of nomadic and posthuman subjectivity that supports it. Braidotti`s proposal, that it is defined as a firm intent for positivity and immanence, allows us to articulate a coherent and viable alternative to liberal and individualistic ethics, which has its root in traditional humanism, trying also to repair the worst dangers that affect it: the legitimation and reproduction of a violence that prevents and (...) blocks the development of the alterity that does not fit in with the dominant idea of human being. (shrink)

El derecho de un esclavo a ser manumitido le confiere un status jurídico distinto del que poseen el hombre libre y el esclavo corriente. Tanto antes de que la liberación se consume, como después, los manumitidos tienen unos derechos y obligaciones regulados por el derecho islámico de acuerdo con su nueva personalidad jurídica: umm wald, mukatab, mudabbar, mawlà, etc., que condicionan y limitan el modo de relacionarse con otros individuos, de constituir grupos y, en definitiva, de integrarse en la sociedad. (...) En este artículo se analizan, a través de textos legales malikíes medievales, algunas de las consecuencias de la manumisión en la capacidad de obrar de los esclavos liberados que adquieren diversos status intermedios entre la esclavitud plena y la libertad plena. (shrink)

Analysis of geographical space included under the denomination of "Caribbean". as ~rella s the cartographic representations which have been given to this regard. arid the legendary image of earthly paradise that was known with The differences while including or not part of the continental territory under the Caribbean term. are related with political interests. because the idea of the Caribbean basin with Islands and continental territories is assumed by the Spanishspeaking inhabitants, while among the English-speaking, that is only including the (...) islands Navigation routes are analized together with atlas of the XVlII century,and results of expl-ditionary and scientific activities undertaken by marine and explorers such as Cosme Cliurruca. Vicente Tofiño, Antonio de Ulloa y Jorge Juan, José Mª Mazarredo, Jose Mª Chacón and Joaquín Fidalgo. (shrink)

El concubinato es una relación con consecuencias legales discutidas y reguladas por todas las escuelas jurídicas islámicas. Las relaciones entre un hombre y su concubina están limitadas por distintas normas de carácter jurídico-religioso, que tienen que ver con diferentes factores: tabúes sexuales y familiares, el estatus de esclava de la concubina, las obligaciones del hombre respecto a los individuos que hay bajo su guarda, etc. El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar cuáles son los límites del concubinato según los establece (...) la doctrina legal malikí, prestando especial atención a los casos en que las relaciones de matrimonio o concubinato se asemejan o difuminan. El estudio se lleva a cabo a través del tratado de derecho comparado de Ibn Ru¿d (Averroes), Bidayat al-muytahid. (shrink)